Best Paper Awards

In order to encourage R & D in the country, IDMA has instituted “Research Awards for the Best Original Research Papers” published in the “Indian Drugs” every year from the year 1981-82 and the Award for the Best Review Article was instituted in 2001. The Best Original Research Papers are evaluated in the following disciplines:

Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Natural Products
Pharmaceutics
Pharmaceutical Analysis
Pharmacology

The Award will be known as ‘IDMA ACG-SCITECH RESEARCH PAPER AWARD’ from this year. The IDMA ACG-SCITECH RESEARCH PAPER AWARD will be in the form of a plaque and a cash award of Rs. 5000/- in each discipline and the Best Review Article Award is in the form of a citation and special cash award of Rs. 7500/-.

These Awards are presented to the recipients during the IDMA Annual Day Celebrations every year.

REVIEW ARTICLE

Paper	:	Non-steroidal Human Performance Enhancing Agents
Author(s)	:	Mehta Gaurav, Joshi Maithili and Joshi Shreerang
Institute	:	Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga (E), Mumbai-400 019, Maharashtra, India
Volume	:	57 (12)
Page nos.	:	7-25
Abstract	:	Multiple studies have been conducted, many within the last 3-5 years, to develop a deeper understanding into how certain chemical substances enhance and improve certain aspects of our performance, both mental and physical. The successful synthesis, isolation and purification of such human performance enhancing substances have led to breakthroughs not only in the treatment of debilitating diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease, but also have a significant impact on endurance training. While the chief use of such performance enhancing agents is in the treatment of diseases like anaemia, depression, attention deficit and neurodegenerative disorders, such substances are also misused and sometimes abused in sport. This review highlights 6 major substances used as performance enhancers, namely, creatine, racetams, melatonin, caffeine, cholinergics and EPO. The six substances enhance different features of human performance. The chemistry of these substances, their chemical biology, methods of synthesis and latest data obtained from various clinical trials are discussed.

PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY

Paper	:	Synthesis, Biological Evaluation And Docking Studies Of Non Hepatotoxic 5-Substituted Thiazolidine-2, 4-Diones As Antidiabetic, Anti-Hyperlipidemic, Anti-Oxidant And Cytotoxic Agents
Author(s)	:	Shukla Karuna S., Pandey Shailendra and Chawla A Pooja
Institute	:	Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga - 142 001, Punjab, India
Volume	:	57(09)
Page nos.	:	19-37
Abstract	:	A series of eleven thiazolidine-2, 4-dione (TZD) derivatives, were synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR and mass spectral analysis. All the synthesized TZD derivatives were screened for their in vitro and in vivo anti-diabetic and antioxidant, activities and cytotoxicity. In vivo antihyperglycemic effect was assessed by measuring plasma glucose (PG) levels in alloxan-induced type II diabetic rat models. The compound 4h exhibited better blood glucose lowering activity than the standard drug rosiglitazone. The synthesized TZD derivatives were evaluated for hepatotoxicity and pancreatic tissue studies. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH method and H₂O₂ method. Compounds 4a and 4b exhibited potent antioxidant activity. Among the tested compounds for cytotoxicity using MTT assay method, compound 4i exhibited better viability and cytotoxicity activity. Thiazolidinedione derivatives were evaluated for their affinity towards target PPARγ, using rosiglitazone as the reference compound molecular docking visualization through FlexX docking program. From selected anti-diabetic targets, the proposed derivatives exhibited better interaction with PPARγ receptor, where rosiglitazone showed docking score of -19.891 kJ/mol, compound 4h exhibited highest docking score of -31.6068 kJ/mol. The study showed that all the studied compounds were showing higher docking score when compared to control drug rosiglitazone and it could be a remarkable starting point to evaluate structure activity relationships to develop new lead molecules with potential anti-diabetic activities.

NATURAL PRODUCTS/ PHARMACOGNOSY/PHYTOCHEMISTRY

Paper	:	Enhanced Anti-inflammatory and Anti-migratory effect of Herbal Nano-statins on HEPG2 cancer cells
Author(s)	:	Mehra Akansha, Chauhan Sonal, Jain V.K. and Nagpal Suman
Institute	:	Amity Institute of Advanced Research and Studies (Materials & Devices), Amity University, Noida-201 303, UP, India
Volume	:	57 (12)
Page nos.	:	51-55
Abstract	:	Mushroom (oyster mushroom, Pleurotus sajor caju) is a rich depository of statins, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors that also act as anti-cancer agents. In the present study, anti-inflammatory and anti-migratory effects of prior synthesized and characterized herbal nano-statins on HepG2 have been discussed for the first time. The results showed that herbal nano-statins were able to inhibit the NO production in dose dependent manner with 93.72 % inhibition at 80 μg/mL of nano-statins and it attained saturation if the dose is further increased. Bulk statins had less potency to inhibit the production of NO (30 % at 100μg/mL) as compared to nano-statins. Nano-statins and bulk statins also inhibited the migration of cancer cells by 97.86 % and 53.43 %, respectively, at a concentration of 100 μg/mL. This study might bring in more insights to use herbal nano-statins as an alternative treatment to fight against various other types of cancers and other biomedical complications.

PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS

Paper	:	Sensitive Bio Analytical Method Development For Venetoclax And Validation In Human Plasma By LC-ESI-MS/MS
Author(s)	:	Potluri H
Institute	:	Department of Chemistry, Gudlavalleru Engineering College, Gudlavalleru - 521 356, Andhra Pradesh, India
Volume	:	57(06)
Page nos.	:	32-38
Abstract	:	A specific and sensitive method of liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry was demonstrated for the experimental determination of venetoclax in human plasma utilising venetoclax-D8 as an internal standard. The column Xbridge C18, 50 × 4.6mm, 5 μm was used for attaining chromatographic separation by utilising 10mM ammonium formate and methanol as isocratic mobile phase in the composition ratio of 20:80 (V/V). The flow-rate selected was 0.7mL/min. Venetoclax and venetoclax-D8 are identified in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) positive mode with proton adducts at m/z 869.53 →553.21 and m/z 877.14 → 553.23, respectively. For the successful extraction of drug as well as internal standard, Liquid-Liquid extraction technique was efficiently utilised. The developed technique was established in a linear concentration range of 5.0-5000.0 pg/mL along with correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.9994. Intra and inter-day precisions were found to be 0.7 to 1.90% and 0.7 to 2.0 % for venetoclax and venetoclax-D8, respectively. Accuracy was found to be within 98.6 to 101.99% and 99.17 to 101.14 % for venetoclax and venetoclax-D8, respectively. It was observed that throughout the bench top studies, post-operative stability studies and freeze-thawing cycles, venetoclax retained stability.

PHARMACEUTICS

Paper	:	Formulation and optimization of Ritonavir nasal nanosuspension for brain targeting
Author(s)	:	Tapasya R. Mulam, Sanjay J. Kshirsagara and Smita P. Kakad
Institute	:	Department of Pharmaceutics, MET’s Institute of Pharmacy, Bhujbal Knowledge City, Adgaon, Nashik - 422 003, Maharashtra, India
Volume	:	58(04)
Page nos.	:	28-41
Abstract	:	Nowadays, HIV associated neurological disorder especially HIV-1 virus infection is enhanced. Current available HIV therapies only reduce the plasma viral level and do not kill the virus completely. Administered dosage form does not reach the central nervous system (CNS) completely by the conventional approach. The oral route of drug administration, causes gastrointestinal irritation, hepatic metabolism and slow onset of action and some methods are invasive, resulting in the patient's non compliance. To overcome these problems, an effective novel formulation that will directly reach the CNS or brain needs to be developed. This study aims to formulate intranasal nanosuspension of ritonavir. Ritonavir is widely used as an antiretroviral agent and it is a protease enzyme inhibitor which is poorly soluble in water. High pressure homogenization technique was used for preparation prepare and optimization of nanosuspension by using 2 factors 3 level full factorial design, which is further characterized for particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, pH, drug content, in vitro drug diffusion and ex vivo permeation study. For stability of nanosuspension, lyophilization of optimized formulation was done. A comparison study between plain drug, nanosuspension and the lyophilized formulation was carried out, and it showed a significant increase in drug release from the membrane.

PHARMACOLOGY

Paper	:	Rapid Green Synthesis of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Using Ethanol Extract of Kedrostis Foetidissima (Jacq.) Cogn. And Its Anticancer Efficacy Against A549 Human Lung Cancer Cell Lines
Author(s)	:	Amutha Muthusamy and Lalitha Pottail
Institute	:	Department of Chemistry, Nallamuthu Gounder Mahalingam College, Pollachi, Coimbatore - 642 001, Tamilnadu, India
Volume	:	58(03)
Page nos.	:	30-40
Abstract	:	This study is mainly focused on the synthesis of gold and silver nanoparticles using Kedrostis foetidissima (Jacq.) Cogn, a traditional medicinal plant, their characteristics and their efficacy on Human Lung cancer cell lines (A-549). Gold and silver nanoparticles were synthesised using ethanol extract of K. foetidissima by solar irradiation method. The formation of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were authenticated by UV-Visible, FT-IR, XRD SEM, and TEM analysis. The solar irradiation method yielded beautiful floral shaped AuNPs and spherical shaped AgNPs of the size 8.38 nm and 33.20 nm, respectively. The cytotoxicity effect of these biogenic nanoparticles against A-549 cell lines was monitored through MTT assay. The results have revealed that AgNPs shows significant cytotoxicity (IC50-62.16μg/mL) towards A-549 than AuNPs (IC50- 106.27 μg/mL). The shape dependency of the nanoparticles is also clear from the study.

In order to encourage R & D in the country, IDMA has instituted “Research Awards for the Best Original Research Papers” published in the “Indian Drugs” every year from the year 1981-82 and the Award for the Best Review Article was instituted in 2001. The Best Original Research Papers are evaluated in the following disciplines:

Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Natural Products
Pharmaceutics
Pharmaceutical Analysis
Pharmacology

From this year, the Award will be known as ‘IDMA ACG-SCITECH RESEARCH PAPER AWARD’. The IDMA ACG-SCITECH RESEARCH PAPER AWARD will be in the form of a citation, plaque and a cash award of Rs. 5000/- in each discipline and the Best Review Article Award is in the form of a citation, plaque and special cash award of Rs. 7500/-.

These Awards are presented to the recipients during the IDMA Annual Day Celebrations every year.

REVIEW ARTICLE

Paper	:	‘Drug Delivery to Retina: A Review’
Author(s)	:	Shelke D. A. and Shirolkar S.*
Institute	:	Department of Pharmaceutics, Dr. D.Y.Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pimpri, Pune - 411018, Maharashtra, India
Volume	:	56 (09)
Page nos.	:	7-21
Abstract	:	The drug delivery to posterior segment especially to retina of eye is difficult due to various barriers. The diseases affecting the retina of eye are increasing and hence there is need to develop approaches for drug delivery to retina. This review describes the anatomy of retina, barriers associated with it, and diseases of retina. The drug delivery to retina by systemic, topical, intravitreal injection, intravitreal implant along with advance nanotechnology based and transporter mediated drug delivery is discussed here. The recent technologies in retinal drug delivery are also discussed to give comprehensive recent information about retinal drug delivery.

PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY

Title	:	Synthesis and evaluation of some newer quinazolinonyl substituted benzoxazepinyl / benzothiazepinyl indoles as potent anticonvulsant agents
Author(s)	:	Dr Archana^*
Institute	:	Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Meerut College, Meerut - 250 001, Uttar Pradesh
Volume	:	56 (03)
Page nos.	:	18-24
Abstract	:	new series of 3-[3-amino-2-methyl-6-substituted quinazolin-4(3H)-onyl chalconyl)-2-substituted indoles (3-8), 3-[3-Amino-2-methyl-6- substituted quinazolin-4(3H) -onyl-benzoxazepin/benzo -thiazepin2-yl] -2-substituted indoles (9-20) and 3-[3-amino-2-methyl-6-substituted quinazolin-4(3H) -onyl-3- (sub-stituted phenylaminomethylene) -benzoxazepin/benzothizepin-2-yl] -2- substitutedindoles (21-44) were synthesised and evaluated for anticonvulsant activity. All these compounds were screened in vivo, for their anticonvulsant activity and acute toxicity. Coumpund 44 , 3-[3-amino-2-methyl-6-bromoquinazolin4(3H)-onyl-3- (chlorophenylaminomethylene)- benzothiazepine-2-yl]-2-chloroindole, was found to be most potent compound of this series , more potent than standard drug phenytoin sodium. The homogeneity of all the compounds have been established by elemental analysis, IR and 1 H-NMR spectroscopy.

NATURAL PRODUCT

Title	:	Extraction, quantitative determination and spectral identification of Carnosic Acid – a diterpene antioxidant from Rosmarinus officinalis
Author(s)	:	Usha Rani N.^*and Prasad Rao P.T.S.R.K.
Institute	:	Department of Freshman Engineering, Prasad V. Potluri Siddhartha Institute of Technology, Vijayawada - 520 007, Andhra Pradesh
Volume	:	56 (05)
Page nos.	:	7-13
Abstract	:	Carnosic acid is a benzenediol abietane diterpene having antioxidant and other medicinal activities. The medicinally active compound carnosic acid was isolated from leaves of the herb Rosmarinus officinalis. A simple solid-liquid extraction with solvent acetone in Soxhlet extractor was used for the extraction of compound from the plant source. The purity of the compound was studied using thin layer chromatography (TLC) and liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LCMS) studies and the results were compared with standard carnosic acid. The result proves that the isolated compound was found to have 98.10% purity and no other impurities were observed. The molecular structure of the isolated compound was derived using spectral studies like UV, IR, NMR, C13 and mass spectroscopy. The spectral study proves that the compound has a molecular structure of 332 g/mol and molecular formula of C 20 H 28 O 4 .The molecular mass, formula and the molecular structure of the isolated compound was found to be similar to that of standard carnosic acid.

PHARMACEUTICS ANALYSIS

Title	:	Quantification of Hydrazine Hydrate in Imatinib Mesylate at Genotoxic Level by Chromatographic Method
Author(s)	:	Sojitra C., Agarwal S.^*, Dholakia C., Sudhakar P. and Singh K. K.
Institute	:	New Drug Discovery, Zydus Research Centre, Cadila Healthcare Ltd. Ahmdabad, Gujarat
Volume	:	56(12)
Page nos.	:	45-52
Abstract	:	Hydrazine hydrate has genotoxic effect in nature and so it should be controlled down as Potential Genotoxic Impurity (PGI). Being polar molecule, hydrazine hydrate (N2H4.H2O) has no chromophores present in structure which can follow Lambert beer law, thus it is difficult to analyze. The present work described an accurate and highly sensitive reversed-phase liquid chromatography-UV derivatization method for determination of hydrazine in imatinib mesylate drug substance. The method of quantification was developed by attaching chromophores to hydrazine with derivatization, which helped to increase sensitivity. The derivatization of hydrazine hydrate was performed using 1% methanolic solution of benzaldehyde which acts as derivatizing agent. The derivatized product 1,2-dibenzylidenehydrazine gives maximum absorbance at 300 nm and at this wavelength no interference of solvents and other impurities are noted. Limit of detection for developed method was 0.002 µg/g. The developed method was validated to determine hydrazine content and can be used in quality control for commercial batch release of imatinib mesylate drug substances with a genotoxic specification limit level 1.87 µg/g by HPLC.

PHARMACEUTICS

Title	:	Synergistic Effect of Nigella Oil And Clotrimazole as Ethosomal Gel for Improved Treatment of Fungal Infections
Author(s)	:	Momin M.^*, Butte K. and D’Souza A.
Institute	:	SVKM’s Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mithibai College Campus, V. M. Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai – 400 056, Maharashtra
Volume	:	56 (04)
Page nos.	:	45-49
Abstract	:	The aim of this research work was to develop an ethosomal gel containing nigella oil encapsulated with clotrimazole (CLT) for improved antifungal activity. The ethosomes were prepared using soya lecithin (SpC) and Nigella oil (NO) as lipids by thin film hydration and they exhibited a particle size of 136±69 nm with an entrapment efficiency of 65.44±1.08 %. CLT ethosomal gel exhibited controlled release of CLT with a steady flux of 7.20mcg/cm 2 /h across cellophane membrane. The ethosomal gel was stable for 180 days with no significant change in physiochemical parameters. In vitro antifungal activity demonstrated a synergistic action of CLT and NO against the fungal strains compared to plain CLT and NO. This signifies that the combination of NO and CLT in an ethosomal gel has tremendous potential to serve as a synergistic topical anti-fungal preparation than simple ethosomal formulation of CLT.

PHARMACOLOGY

Title	:	Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 2-Phenylpyrido [2,3-D] Pyrimidine Derivatives as Cyclin-Dependent Kinase (CDK) Inhibitors
Author(s)	:	Panchabhai V. B.^*, Ingole P. G. and Butle S. R.
Institute	:	School of Pharmacy, SRTMU Campus, Vishnupuri, Nanded, Maharashtra
Volume	:	56 (05)
Page nos.	:	50-58
Abstract	:	We report a novel scaffold of 2-phenylpyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives designed as structural analogues of dinaciclib. Sixteen derivatives were synthesised and evaluated for their CDK2/5 inhibition activity. Compounds 4-(2-(3-methoxybenzylidene)hydrazineyl)-2-phenylpyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine (7i) and 4-(2-(3-nitrobenzylidene)hydrazineyl)-2-phenylpyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine (7n) show promising IC50 and kinase selectivity. These compounds also show moderate anti-proliferative activity in the colon cancer HCT116 and breast cancer MCF7 cell lines. In molecular docking studies with CDK2, compounds 7i and 7n show binding similar to dinaciclib..

In order to encourage R & D in the country, IDMA has instituted “Research Awards for the Best Original Research Papers” published in the “Indian Drugs” every year from the year 1981-82 and the Award for the Best Review Article was instituted in 2001. The Best Original Research Papers are evaluated in the following disciplines:

Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Natural Products
Pharmaceutics
Pharmaceutical Analysis
Pharmacology

From this year, the Award will be known as ‘IDMA ACG-SCITECH RESEARCH PAPER AWARD’. The IDMA ACG-SCITECH RESEARCH PAPER AWARD will be in the form of a citation, plaque and a cash award of Rs. 5000/- in each discipline and the Best Review Article Award is in the form of a citation, plaque and special cash award of Rs. 7500/-.

These Awards are presented to the recipients during the IDMA Annual Day Celebrations every year.

REVIEW ARTICLE

Paper	:	Recent Advancements in Graphene Biosensors for the detection of Pathogens - A Review
Author(s)	:	Chaudhari A.* Jagdale P., Goswami P. and Kerawalla M. A. K.
Institute	:	Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Volume	:	55 (08)
Page nos.	:	7-16
Abstract	:	Due to increasing rate of growth of pathogens throughout the world, there have been many epidemics in the recent past like Zika virus, Ebola virus and dengue fever. In many cases, the physicians were not able to treat the infected patients early enough to save their lives. One of the major reasons for this was because the physicians were only approached by the patients when some major symptoms developed.Or even if they approached the physician, the pathogen was detected very late due to the techniques used, that were slow, expensive, not very accurate and not simple. The techniques didn’t have a low detection limit as well, therefore it was almost impossible to detect the pathogen at a very early stage. To resolve these problems, extensive research is being carried out on graphene based biosensors. Graphene is a one atom thick single layer of sp2 hybridized carbons molecules. The extraordinary physical properties that it has, makes it an ideal material for the fabrication of biosensors. When the biosensors fabricated from graphene were tested, they delivered superior results and detected pathogens at a very low detection limits. In this review, we discuss the recent advancements within the field of graphene based sensors used primarily for the detection of pathogens. Further, the fabrication of the sensors for the detection of each pathogen has been discussed. The first section introduces graphene, its physiochemical properties. The second part focuses on the basic idea with which the graphene biosensor is designed. The third section discusses the detailed concept behind the detection of each pathogen covered in this review. Various methods for graphene modification have been discussed including functionalization using polymers and use of dopants with metal/metal oxide nanoparticles. And finally, the review concludes with the future applications and usefulness of graphene biosensors.

PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY

Title	:	Structure Elucidation and Biological Investigation of Inorganic Coordination Compounds Derived From Citraconic Anhydride and 5-Amino-1,3,4-Thiadiazole-2-Thiol Organic Moiety
Author(s)	:	Gautam S., Singh J., Kumar. A., Ravikant and Chandra S.^*
Institute	:	Department of Chemistry, Zakir Husain Delhi College, University of Delhi, JLN Marg, New Delhi-110002, India
Volume	:	55 (07)
Page nos.	:	36-48
Abstract	:	The increasing clinical and microbiological resistance of fungi and bacteria enhanced discovery of several fungicidal and bactericidal drugs. Now it is necessary to discover novel drugs which can kill microorganisms but following the condition that these drugs should not be harmful for the host. In this research work we synthesized some novel transition metal complexes (inorganic coordination compounds) of ligand citraconicanhydride-bis(5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol) which act as antifungal and antibacterial agents. Ligand is synthesized by the condensation reaction of citraconicanhydride and 5-amino-1,3,4- thiadiazole-2-thiol, in ethanolic medium. Structure of ligand and complexes have been characterized by melting point, elemental analysis, 1H-NMR, mass, electronic spectra, molar conductance, magnetic moment, infra-red, uv-visible, electron paramagnetic resonance and molecular modeling study. Biological investigation of all synthesized compounds has been carried out by using pathogenic fungi C.albicans, C.krusei, C.parapsilosis and C.tropicalis and bacteria E. coli and S. aureus at different concentrations of compounds. Results of biological investigation by using well diffusion method show that metal complexes were more potent than free ligand. Results from biological investigation studies have also shown that complexation of metals with ligand serves to improve their activity.

NATURAL PRODUCT/ PHARMACOGNOSY/PHYTOCHEMISTRY

Title	:	In vitro Hypoglycemic Effects of Caesalpinia Bonducella and Myristica Fragrans Seed Extracts
Author(s)	:	Bhutkar M. A.^*, Bhinge S. D., Randive D. S., Wadkar G. H., and Todkar S. S.
Institute	:	Rajarambapu College of Pharmacy, Kasegaon, Dist – Sangli – 415 404, Maharashtra, India
Volume	:	55 (02)
Page nos.	:	57-62
Abstract	:	The present investigation was undertaken to assess the hypoglycemic potential of Caesalpinia bonducella (C.bonducella) and Myristica fragrans (M.fragrans), employing various in vitro techniques. The extracts of seeds of C. bonducella and M. fragrans were studied for their effects on glucose adsorption capacity, in vitro glucose diffusion, in vitro amylolysis kinetics and glucose transport across the yeast cells. It was observed that the plant extracts under study adsorbed glucose and the adsorption of glucose increased remarkably with an increase in glucose concentration. There were no significant (p≤0.05) differences between their adsorption capacities. The results of amylolysis kinetic experimental model revealed that the rate of glucose diffusion was found to be increased with time from 30 to 180 min and both the plant extracts demonstrated significant inhibitory effects on movement of glucose into external solution across dialysis membrane as compared to control. Also, the plant extracts promoted glucose uptake by the yeast cells. It was observed that the enhancement of glucose uptake was dependent on both the sample and glucose concentration. C. bonducella extract exhibited significantly higher (p≤0.05) activity than the extract of M. fragrans at all concentrations. The results of the study verified the hypoglycemic activity of the extracts of C. bonducella and M. fragrans. However, the observed effects exhibited by the extracts of seeds of C. bonducella and M. fragrans need to be confirmed by using different in vivo models and clinical trials for their effective utilization as therapeutic agents in better management of diabetes mellitus.

PHARMACEUTICS

Title	:	Box–Behnken Method To Optimize Lornoxicam Proniosomes: Preparation, In Vitro Characterization And Analgesic Activity
Author(s)	:	Vijaya Sri K.^*, Sandhya D., Manchala M. and Dashamukhi R. S.
Institute	:	Malla Reddy College of Pharmacy, (Affiliated to Osmania university), Maissamma Guda, Secundrabad - 500 014, Telangana, India
Volume	:	55(06)
Page nos.	:	21-33
Abstract	:	The objective of present investigation was to develop and evaluation of proniosomes as the carrier of lornoxicam for topical delivery. lornoxicam-loaded proniosomes were prepared by coacervation phase separation method. The Box–Behnken design used in this study helped in identifying the factors affecting drug entrapment efficiency and drug diffusion. Proniosomes were evaluated for appearance, pH, viscosity, entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug diffusion studies. The optimized formulations were further evaluated to vesicle size, shape, zeta potential, percutaneous permeation and analgesic effect. The vesicles were found to be unilamellar, spherical in shape. The analgesic effect of lornoxicam proniosomal gel showed better therapeutic activity.

PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS

Title	:	Simultaneous Determination and Quantitation of Metformin and Teneligliptin in human plasma by LC-ESI-MS/MS with an application to pharmacokinetic studies
Author(s)	:	Mandal P., Dan S., Ghosh B., Barma S., Bose R. and Pal T. K.^*
Institute	:	Dept. of Pharm. Tech., Jadavpur University, Kolkata - 700 032, India , TAAB Biostudy Services, Kolkata, West Bengal - 700 069, India
Volume	:	55 (04)
Page nos.	:	28-38
Abstract	:	‘Gliptins’ is the nickname given to a group of anti-diabetic medicines-DPP-4 inhibitors, such as sitagliptin, vildagliptin, sexagliptin, linagliptin, alogliptin and teneligliptin, which are used with metformin for combination therapy of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Advantages of this combined therapy are low risks of hypoglycemia and weight gain compared with other classes of anti-diabetic drugs. In the present study efforts, were made to develop and validate a bioanalytical method for simultaneous estimation of metformin and teneligliptin in human plasma by LC-MS/MS with an application to quantification of plasma samples obtained from the comparative pharmacokinetic studies on healthy human volunteers. The developed method for simultaneous determination and quantification of teneligliptin and metformin in human plasma was also validated as per the US-FDA guidelines. The validation parameters were found to be within the specified regulatory limits, hence the method acceptable. The present method had a short run time (3.5min) and easy extraction process. Therefore, developed method was found to be simple, specific, highly selective, sensitive and reproducible. This was applied for the analysis of volunteer plasma samples obtained from comparative pharmacokinetic study. On the basis of comparison of AUC0-t, the relative bioavailability of test preparation was found to be 97.64% and 91.37% for teneligliptin and metformin, with respect to that of the reference preparation.

PHARMACOLOGY

Title	:	Bioprospecting of marine halophyte Salicornia europaea L. And evaluation of its biological potential with special reference to anticancer activity
Author(s)	:	Samuel P.^*, J. Vijaya kumar, Selvarathinam T., R. Deena dhayalan and K. Amirtharaj
Institute	:	Department of Biotechnology, Ayya Nadar Janaki Ammal College (Autonomous), Sivakasi - 626 123, Tamil Nadu, India
Volume	:	55 (05)
Page nos.	:	47-56
Abstract	:	The study was caried out with the intention to bring out the biological prospective nature of the marine halophyte Salicornia europaea L. The bioactive phytochemicals of the halophyte were extracted. The chemicals in the crude extract were evaluated for cytotoxic activity against MCF7 cell line by MTT assay. The marine halophyte a was collected, washed and chopped into 5cm long parts and shade dried for 20 – 25 days in a dark room. The dehydrated and bleached plant material was subjected to Soxhlet extraction. Two solvents, viz methanol and ethyl acetate, were used to prepare decoction. The extracts were dried using rotary vacuum evaporator. chemical screening by GC-MS unveiled the presence of 32 compounds in ethyl acetate and 29 in methanol. The 3D structures of the phytochemicals were retrieved from Pub Chem. cytotoxic study showed promising results. The IC50 values of the individual extracts were evaluated and ethyl acetate extract exhibit minimum IC50 value and it was estimated to be 97.9μg/mL wereas methanol extract exhibit a minimum IC50 value of 117.1μg/mL. Hence, the study concludes that S. europaea L. provides a promising source of lead compounds that could be exploited in near future to treat cancer.

In order to encourage R & D in the country, IDMA has instituted “Research Awards for the Best Original Research Papers” published in the “Indian Drugs” every year from the year 1981-82 and the Award for the Best Review Article was instituted in 2001. The Best Original Research Papers are evaluated in the following disciplines:

Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Natural Products
Pharmaceutics
Pharmaceutical Analysis
Pharmacology

The Best Research PaperAward is in the form of a citation and a cash award of `3000/- in each discipline and the Best Review Article Award is in the form of a citation and special cash award of `5000/-.

These Awards are presented to the recipients during the IDMA Annual Day Celebrations every year.

REVIEW ARTICLE

Paper	:	Lymphatic Delivery: Concept, Challenges And Applications
Author(s)	:	Bora C. R., Prabhu R. H. and Patravale V. B.*
Institute	:	Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai – 400 019
Volume	:	54 (08)
Page nos.	:	5-22
Abstract	:	The lymphatic system is an additional circulatory system throughout the entire body. It plays a critical role in the recognition of immune system and response to disease. Lymphatic delivery has attracted a lot of attention for providing preferential chemotherapy and enhancing bioavailability of drugs that undergo hepatic first-pass metabolism. The anatomy and physiology of the lymphatic system, routes of administration and different physicochemical parameters of drug/carriers are overviewed. There are numerous challenges in targeting drugs and bioactives to specific sites, maintaining the desired action and crossing all the physiological barriers. Lymphatic delivery for various diseases employing various nanocarriers emerges as a new technology to provide a better therapeutic and diagnostic outcome.

PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY

Paper	:	Synthesis, Spectral Studies, Structural Evaluation and Antimicrobial Activity of Some Novel Cr(III) Complexes Containing Tetradentate Macrocyclic Ligands
Author(s)	:	Shukla S., Gautam S. Chandra S. and Kumar A.*
Institute	:	Department of Chemistry, Dyal Singh College, University of Delhi, Lodi Road, New Delhi - 110 003
Volume	:	54 (06)
Page nos.	:	20-29
Abstract	:	A string of novel coordination compounds of Cr(III) complexes have been derived and characterized from the macrocyclic ligands (L 1 -L 2 ) carried out by condensation reaction between ligands and the subsequent metal salt. The chemical composition of ligand was determined by analytical and spectral techniques i.e. elemental analysis, IR and Mass spectrocopy. Spectral techniques revealed tetradentate [N 4 ] the nature of ligand and its coordination mode to metal ion through nitrogen donor atoms. Metal complexes were characterized by elemental analyses, molar conductance, magnetic susceptibility measurements, IR, electronic spectra, ePR studies. The geometry of these complexes was ascertained by molecular modelling study by using Gaussian 09 program. All metal complexes were found to exhibit octahedral geometry around the metal ion. The newly synthesized macrocyclic ligands and metal complexes were subjected for antimicrobial screening to determine the inhibition and control against tested microorganisms, bacteria ( S.lutea , S.aureus, S.albus and E.coli ) and fungi ( A.fulviceps, U . hordei, A. niger and P.catinus ) by using disc diffusion method and agar plate technique, respectively. The experimental results suggest that metal complexes exhibit enhanced inhibition zone than free macrocyclic ligand.

NATURAL PRODUCTS

Paper	:	Chemical Examination of Chloroform Fraction of Cleome felina L. f.
Author(s)	:	Manjuparkavi K. and Jayanthi G.*
Institute	:	PG and Research Department of Botany, Vellalar College for Women (Autonomous), Erode - 638 012, Tamil Nadu
Volume	:	54 (12)
Page nos.	:	28-33
Abstract	:	The present investigation, the phytochemical composition of the chloroform fraction of Cleome felina L.f. by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis revealed totally 30 constituents. The major constituents are octadecane, 9-octadecenamide, (z)- , 2-tert-butyl-4-isopropyl-5-methylphenol, hexadecane, dodecane, 1-iodo-, tricosane, 2,6,10,14,18,22-Tetracosahexaene, 2,6,10,15,19,23- hexamethyl-, (all-e)-, 3-Tetradecene, (z)-, decane, 2-methyl- , 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid and bis(2- methylpropyl) ester.

PHARMACEUTICS

Paper	:	Development, Characterization and Brain Distribution Studies of Nanostructured Lipid Carrier Containing Saquinavir Mesylate for Nasal Administration
Author(s)	:	Mahajan H. S.* and Patel M. I.
Institute	:	R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Near Karvand Naka, Shirpur - 425 405, Dist: Dhule, Maharashtra.
Volume	:	54 (09)
Page nos.	:	38-47
Abstract	:	The aim of the present study was to formulate saquinavir mesylate loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (SQVM-NLC) and evaluate its brain distribution after nasal administration. NLCs reveal some advantages for drug therapy over conventional carriers, including increased solubility, the ability to enhance storage stability, improved permeability and bioavailability, reduced adverse effect, prolonged half-life, and tissue-targeted delivery. SQVM-NLCs were prepared by hot high pressure homogenization and subsequent stabilization by lyophilization. QVM- NLC developed showed a particle with the size of 124.4 nm, polydispersity index of 0.267, entrapment efficiency of 73% and the zeta potential of -24.9 mV. The results from Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD)and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) demonstrated that SQVM was present in NLC in an encapsulated molecule form. Mucosal toxicity study on sheep nasal mucosa showed no significant adverse effect of SQVMloaded NLC. SQVM-NLC showed slower release compared with saquinavir mesylate suspension in vitro. In vivo brain distribution studies demonstrated desired drug concentration in brain after intra nasal administration of SQVM-NLC than PDS. The results of the study also suggest that SQVM-NLC could be a promising drug delivery system for antiretroviral therapy

PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS

Paper	:	Development and Validation of LC-MS/MS Method for The Simultaneous Determination of Pioglitazone and Voglibose in Human Plasma
Author(s)	:	Hemavathi G.* and Hipparagi S. M.
Institute	:	Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, KLE Academy of Higher Education & Research, (KLE University), Bangalore - 560 010, Karnataka
Volume	:	54 (08)
Page nos.	:	62-73
Abstract	:	A reliable, simple, robust and sensitive LC-MS/MS (Liquid Chromatography tandem Mass Spectrometric) method has been developed and validated that employs protein precipitation extraction method for the simultaneous determination of Pioglitazone and Voglibose in human plasma by using miglitol as internal standard. Chromatography conditions included an isocratic mobile phase composing of 5 mM ammonium formate buffer: acetonitrile in the ratio 50:50 V/V. the column used was Welchrom XB C18, with specifications of 50×4.6 mm, 5 μm, at a flow rate of 0.80 mL/min. the retention time of Pioglitazone, voglibose and miglitol occurred at ‾2.83, 0.8 and 0.70 min, respectively and the total chromatographic run time was 4.0 min. Pioglitazone and voglibose achieved a linear response function in human plasma at 1.07-958 ng/mL & 2.02-203 ng/mL respectively. Pioglitazone and voglibose attained an intra and inter-day accuracy and precision at 0.93 – 7.54% and 0.96 - 5.39%; 0.74 - 7.1 and 0.9 - 3.75% range respectively. the International Conference on Harmonisation of technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use guidelines were used as the bench mark for validating the method.

PHARMACOLOGY

No award this year.

In order to encourage R & D in the country, IDMA has instituted “Research Awards for the Best Original Research Papers” published in the “Indian Drugs” every year from the year 1981-82 and the Award for the Best Review Article was instituted in 2001. The Best Original Research Papers are evaluated in the following disciplines:

Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Natural Products
Pharmaceutics
Pharmaceutical Analysis
Pharmacology

The Best Research PaperAward is in the form of a citation and a cash award of `3000/- in each discipline and the Best Review Article Award is in the form of a citation and special cash award of `5000/-.

These Awards are presented to the recipients during the IDMA Annual Day Celebrations every year.

REVIEW ARTICLE

Paper	:	Nuclear medicine: An evolving medical specialty
Author(s)	:	B. Ranganathan
Institute	:	Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Health Sciences Campus, Kochi - 682 041, Kerala, India
Volume	:	53 (02)
Page nos.	:	5–14
Abstract	:	Historically considered a subspecialty under radiology, nuclear medicine has grown in stature by leaps and bounds as it has managed to carve out a niche for itself within the realms of medical practice. Treated as an independent specialty in modern medicine, nuclear medicine concerns itself with the application of radioactive substances in the diagnosis and treatment of disease. It is deemed a worthy exercise to take a closer look at this discipline and understand its nuances as the numbers of both diagnostic and therapeutic nuclear medicine procedures performed steadily increase across the globe. This review, by shedding light on the unique field of nuclear medicine, is a concerted attempt to sensitize our pharmaceutical community to the discipline. Apart from opening up the world of radiopharmaceuticals and updating the status of nuclear medicine in developing nations, this piece attempts to trace the evolution of nuclear medicine and represents a tribute to Dr. Henry N. Wagner Jr., the doyen of American nuclear medicine, whom the author was fortunate enough to meet during his stint as a postdoctoral fellow in nuclear medicine at the Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine.

PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY

Paper	:	Biological Evaluation Of Novel A-Heteroaryl/Arylazo 2-Naphthol Analogs And The Transitional Metal Complexes Derived From 4-((2-Hydroxynaphthalen-1-Yl) Diazenyl)-1, 5-Dimethyl-2-Phenyl-1h-Pyrazol-3(2h)-One
Author(s)	:	Sahoo J.*, Sahoo S. and Paidesetty S. K.
Institute	:	Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha‘O’Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar – 751 003, Odisha, India
Volume	:	53 (07)
Page nos.	:	15-24
Abstract	:	Eight different aryl / heteroarylazo substituted 2-naphthol congeners and complexes of the composition [M (L) 2 (H2 O) 2 ]. x H2 O where L is deprotonated ligands such as 4g (ligH): 4-((2-hydroxynaphthalen-1- yl) diazenyl)-1, 5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3(2H)-one and M= Cu(II), Ni(II) and Co(II) have been synthesized. The structures of the synthesized compounds have been confirmed by different modern analytical techniques. The results of antimicrobial activities of the novel synthesized 2-naphthol congeners reveled that the 4-carboxyphenylazo substituted 2-naphthol analog 4h showed significant antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica ser.typhi, Salmonella enterica typhimurium, Shigella flexneri, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Vibrio cholera, Micrococcus luteus, Pectobacterium carotovorum, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus in comparison to standard. However the nickel complex of 4g showed significant antifungal activity against T. rubrum and C. glabrata. The novel synthesized azo molecules may be suggested for the establishment of new search for antimicrobial agents and to create an opportunity in new drug discovery and medicinal research.

NATURAL PRODUCTS

Paper	:	Comparative TLC and RP-HPLC fingerprinting Analysis of Three Sources of Mayurasikha: an Ayurvedic Drug
Author(s)	:	Telagari M., Hullatti K. K.*, Jalalpure S. S. and Peram M. R.
Institute	:	Department of Pharmacognosy, KLE University’s College of Pharmacy, Belagavi - 590 010, Karnataka, India
Volume	:	53(04)
Page nos.	:	47-53
Abstract	:	A simple TLC and precise RP-HPLC method was developed and validated to standardize the three ambiguous botanical sources of Mayurasikha with the help of two active markers (stigmasterol and oleanolic acid) compounds. TLC study of the three plant extracts showed spots with different Rf Values. In HPLC analysis, separation was through a Phenomenex Luna C18 column with mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile: water 87:13 (v/v) at 210 nm. The retention times of stigmasterol and oleanolic acid were about 2.36 and 7.53 min resp. and the developed method shown good sensitivity, significant linearity (r2 ≥0.9992) over the concentration ranges 2 ̶12 and 50 ̶ 500 µg/ml. The mean percentage recovery of stigmasterol was found to be 97.46 ̶100.31% and for oleanolic acid 99.32 ̶ 99.64%. Hence, the combination of TLC and RP-HPLC fingerprinting and quantitative analysis can be handy in identification and quality evaluation of the three ambiguous sources of Mayurasikha.

PHARMACEUTICS

Paper	:	Design and optimization of oral bioadhesive nanocurcumin delivery using novel hydrophilic carrier for cancer treatment: An alternative to parenteral chemotherapy
Author(s)	:	Kendre P. N. and Chaudhuri P. D.
Institute	:	Sanjivani College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Koparagaon, Dist. Ahmednagar – 423 603, Maharashtra
Volume	:	53(08)
Page nos.	:	24–36
Abstract	:	Present study involves the design and optimization of oral bioadhesive delivery system of curcumin. Solid dispersion of curcumin was developed using novel hydrophilic carrier, Gelucire® 50/13, by melt granulation technique. Based on HPMC K 100 LV(X1) and carbopol 934P (X2), bio-adhesive tablets containing curcumin solid dispersion was developed by direct compression, using central composite designs for two factors at three levels. Tablet formulation was optimized for t50%, Rel24h and bioadhesive strength. The drug release mechanism was found to be by fickian diffusion, approaching zero-order kinetics. Average plasma uptake of curcumin was found to be 0.289µg/mL as compared to plain curcumin tablet formulation. The results were found highly significant (p<0.05). The swelling matrices behavior over the time period studied showed that the gelling layer thickness increases continuously. From this study, it may be concluded that the oral controlled bioadhesive curcumin delivery may be an alternative to parenteral chemotherapy.

PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS

Paper	:	Development And Validation Of A HPLC Method For Direct Estimation Of Ciclopirox Olamine In Ex Vivo Transungual Permeation Studies
Author(s)	:	Chouhan P. and Saini T. R.*
Institute	:	Industrial Pharmacy Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Shri G. S. Institute of Technology and Science, Vallabh Nagar, Indore - 452 003, (M.P.), India
Volume	:	53(03)
Page nos.	:	32-39
Abstract	:	A new hPLc method was developed for direct estimation of ciclopirox olamine in ex vivo transungual permeation samples by suppressing the chelating property of ciclopirox using disodium EDTA in mobile phase and endcapped hPLc column to reduce silanophilic interaction with drug. chromatographic separation was achieved on hypersil® Phenyl BDS column (250mm × 4.6mm, 5µm) using disodium EDTA in water (0.96 in 1000): acetonitrile: acetic acid (60:40:0.1, V/V/V) as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1mL/min, and estimated at 305nm. The method was validated for specificity, accuracy, precision, linearity, LOD, and LOQ. Ciclopirox was specifically quantified at 7.491min in the presence of forced degradation products. Linearity was established between 1-10µg/mL with a correlation coefficient of 0.999. The LOD and LOQ were 0.5 and 1µg/mL, respectively, which proved the ability of developed method to analyze ciclopirox in low concentration samples. The method could be successfully applicable in analyzing ex vivo transungual permeation study samples of ciclopirox olamine.

PHARMACOLOGY

Paper	:	In Vitro screening of Caesalpinia bonduc and Ficus benghalensis for inhibitory activity on Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9)
Author(s)	:	Bhanwase A. S.*, Alagawadi K. R. and Bhat K. G.
Institute	:	Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, KLEU’S College of Pharmacy Belgaum - 590 010, Karnataka, India
Volume	:	53(04)
Page nos.	:	58–62
Abstract	:	Proteolytic enzymes released by the host cells are associated with the tissue destruction in inflammatory disease condition. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have primary role in this process, as they degrade most of the extracellular matrix components. In the present study hydroalcoholic extract and fractions of Caesalpinia bonduc L. and Ficus benghalensis L. were screened for their in vitro inhibitory activity on MMP-2 and MMP-9. Screening was carried out by using gelatin zymography assay. Matrix metalloproteinases were extracted from the human tonsil tissue. The test samples were treated with the extracted MMPs and percentage inhibition was determined by using gelatin zymography. Hydroalcoholic extract of C. bonduc (CB-1) showed 99% inhibition of MMP-9 and 98% inhibition of MMP-2. However, hydroalcoholic extract of F. benghalensis (FB-1) showed 86.66% inhibition of MMP-9 and 89% inhibition of MMP-2. The inhibition of MMPs was decreased with increase in polarity of the solvents used for the successive fractionation in case of C. bonduc. However some polar and non-polar constituents might be responsible for inhibition of MMPs in case of F. benghalensis. MMP-2 appears to be more sensitive than MMP-9.

In order to encourage R & D in the country, IDMA has instituted “Research Awards for the Best Original Research Papers” published in the “Indian Drugs” every year from the year 1981-82 and the Award for the Best Review Article was instituted in 2001. The Best Original Research Papers are evaluated in the following disciplines:

Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Natural Products
Pharmaceutics
Pharmaceutical Analysis
Pharmacology

The Best Research PaperAward is in the form of a citation and a cash award of `3000/- in each discipline and the Best Review Article Award is in the form of a citation and special cash award of `5000/-.

These Awards are presented to the recipients during the IDMA Annual Day Celebrations every year.

REVIEW ARTICLE

Paper	:	Hepatic Targeting – Addressing Vital Therapeutic Needs
Author(s)	:	D’Souza A.A., Devarajan P.V.
Institute	:	Institute of Chemical Technology (Elite status) Deemed University, Matunga, Mumbai - 400 019, India
Volume	:	52(10)
Page nos.	:	7–15
Abstract	:	Hepatic afflictions continue to pose serious challenges in therapy. The liver exhibits different types of cells, mainly, kupffer cells, sinusoidal endothelial cells, stellate cells and pit cells which represent reticuloendothelial systems. hepatocytes are the non-reticuloendothelial system. While infectious diseases generally affect reticuloendothelial systems, other serious hepatic afflictions are hepatocyteresident. Targeted approaches including passive and active targeting to the various cell types can be employed as an effective strategy to overcome the current challenges. Hepatic afflictions like infectious disease, hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatitis, malaria and others could be target diseases for such improved therapy. Nanomedicine approaches could, therefore, provide a ray of hope for improved therapy of life-threatening hepatic afflictions.

PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY

Paper	:	Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, Qsar And Docking Studies Of 2-Amino-5-(Substituted)Phenyl-1,3,4-Thiadiazoles
Author(s)	:	Mahajan S. S., Gaitonde A. D.
Institute	:	C. U. Shah College of Pharmacy, S. N. D. T. Women’s University, Santacruz (W), Mumbai - 400 049, Maharashtra, India
Volume	:	52(09)
Page nos.	:	5–12
Abstract	:	Ten compounds from the series of 2-amino-5-(substituted)phenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazoles were synthesized and evaluated for anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. Their structures were characterized by infrared spectroscopy and confirmed by 1 H NMR spectroscopy. Anti-inflammatory activity was carried out by carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema method using indomethacin as standard. Analgesic activity was performed by acetic-acid induced writhing method in mice using aspirin as standard. The QSAR studies were performed for the analgesic activity using the software ‘Strike’ from Schrodinger. Docking studies were carried out for COX-2 inhibition using the software ‘Glide’ from Schrodinger. The compounds were obtained in good yields and possessed good anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. Various physicochemical parameters, contributing towards analgesic activity were identified from the QSAR studies. The Glide Scores were more or less correlated with the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of compounds.

NATURAL PRODUCTS

Paper	:	Aegle Marmelos Leaf Extract Is Protective Against Experimentally Induced Enterocolitis Via Antioxidant Mechanism
Author(s)	:	Mani K. G., Prasanna. G. S.
Institute	:	KLE University College of Pharmacy, 2nd Block, Rajajinagar, Bangalore - 560 010, Karnataka, India
Volume	:	52(06)
Page nos.	:	5–10
Abstract	:	Oxidative stress is believed to be a key factor in the pathogenesis and perpetuation of the mucosal damage in inflammatory bowel disease. The investigation was envisaged to assess the protective effect of diethyl ether extract of leaves of Aegle marmelos Corr. (DEAM) in view of reported anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties in acetic acid-induced enterocolitis in albino Wistar rats. Enterocolitis was induced by intrarectal injection of acetic acid (5% V/V). The study comprised of five different groups consisting of six animals each and two doses [100, 200 mg / kg] were selected. The protective effect in the treatment group of animals was assessed by measuring levels of biomarkers of inflammation [MPO] and oxidative stress [CAT, SOD and GSH] in the inflamed colon and several physiological parameters. Significant and dose dependent changes in the levels of biomarkers of oxidative stress in DEAM treated animals was suggestive of the antioxidant-mechanism protective effect by Aegle marmelos.

PHARMACEUTICS

Paper	:	Improvement of dissolution rate of febuxostat using hybrid technique of spherical crystallization and solid dispersion
Author(s)	:	Tandel D. B., Shah P. A., Patel K. G., Gohel M. C., Thakkar V. T. and Gandhi T. R.
Institute	:	Anand Pharmacy College, Opp. Town Hall, Anand - 388 001, Gujarat, India
Volume	:	52(09)
Page nos.	:	32-39
Abstract	:	The present study was carried out with an aim to improve dissolution rate of febuxostat (FBX, BCSclass II) drug. Spherical agglomerates were prepared by hybrid technique of spherical crystallization and solid dispersion using different ratios of FBX and polymer (PVP K30, HPMC E3LV and chitosan). Drug excipient compatibility study was evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometry. Scanning electron microscopy was used for measurement of size of agglomerate. In vitro dissolution study of prepared spherical agglomerates was compared with untreated FBX and marketed formulation in phosphate buffer pH 6.8. The ratio of drug to polymer also affected the drug dissolution results. Drug excipient compatibility study showed no interaction between FBX and PVP K30 (1:5) polymer. The use of PVP K30 (1:5) resulted in partial amorphization and improved drug dissolution. Direct compression method can be adopted in manufacturing to simplify the validation efforts. The performance of the formulated product was superior to the marketed product in the in vitro dissolution test.

PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS

Paper	:	QBD Based RP-HPLC Method For Screening And Analysis Of Telapravir And 7 Other Antiretroviral Gents
Author(s)	:	Kumar N. S., Kumaraswamy R., Shantikumar S., Paul D.
Institute	:	National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research [NIPER-Hyderabad] Balanagar, Hyderabad-500 037, India
Volume	:	52(02)
Page nos.	:	20–33
Abstract	:	The present study describes the separation and simultaneous estimation of eight anti-retroviral drugs, namely, Telaprevir (TPV), Emtricitabine (ECB), Fosamprenavir (FANV), Tenofavir (TNF), Ritonavir (RNV), Raltegravir (RGV) and Oseltamivir (OSMV) and Zidovudine (ZDV) as an active pharmaceutical ingredient, by RP-HPLC method by applying the principles of Quality by Design (QbD). An application of DoE (Design of Experiments) full factorial design was used for initial screening and optimization. The final optimized method consists of separation being carried out on a Fortis C18 column (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 5μ particle size) using acetonitrile and 10 mm ammonium formate buffer (pH 3 adjusted with formic acid) using a gradient program. The quantitative evaluation was performed with a diode array detector at 251 nm and 230 nm with a flow rate of 1 mL min–1. Suitability of this method for the quantitative determination of the drugs was proved by validation in accordance with the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. The method is selective, precise, robust and accurate and can be used for routine analysis of pharmaceutical formulations in quality control and counterfeit screening.

PHARMACOLOGY

Paper	:	Curcumin, Ocimum Sanctum and Ginkgo Biloba Improve Hemodynamic, Biochemical and Histoarchitectural Alterations In Isoproterenol Induced Cardiac Damage
Author(s)	:	Suresh R Naik, Vishnu N Thakare, Vandana S. Panda
Institute	:	Sinhgad Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kusgaon (Bk), Lonavala - 410 401, Pune, (MS), India
Volume	:	52(04)
Page nos.	:	5–14
Abstract	:	Curcumin, Ginkgo biloba and Ocimum scantum are traditionally used for the treatment of cardiovascular and hepatic disorders. The effects of curcumin, Ginkgo biloba and Ocimum sanctum were studied [acute (4 days) and chronic (60 days)] alone and in combination (60 days) on isoproterenol (ISO) induced cardiac necrosis in rats. The antioxidant related paradigms viz. cardiac malondialdehyde (MDA) formation, and cardiac glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase, catalase; serum biomarkers, and hemodynamics along with histoarchitecture alterations, were investigated in isoproterenol induced cardiac necrosis in rats. Significant elevation of serum markers; aspartate aminotransferase, lactic dehydrogenase and creatine phosphokinase, increased MDA formation and depletion of antioxidant enzymes along with significant hemodynamic alterations were observed in ISO induced cardiac necrosis in rats. Curcumin, Ginkgo biloba and Ocimum sanctum treatment reversed/ improved serum marker enzymes, elevated MDA, and restored the depleted antioxidants, hemodynamic alterations and histoarchitecture of the heart, both in acute as well as with chronic treatment. However, the combined chronic treatment of curcumin + Ocimum sanctum and Ginkgo biloba + Ocimum sanctum exhibited improvement in both cardiac antioxidants, serum biomarkers as well as hemodynamic and histoarchitecture alterations induced by ISO. Curcumin, Ocimum sanctum and Ginkgo biloba were found to elicit cardioprotective activity on ISO induced cardiac necrosis mainly though amelioration of oxidative stress and membrane stabilizing effect.

In order to encourage R & D in the country, IDMA has instituted “Research Awards for the Best Original Research Articles” published in the “Indian Drugs” every year, from the year 1981-82, in the following disciplines:

Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Natural Products
Pharmaceutics
Pharmaceutical Analysis
Pharmacology

The award is in the form of a citation and a cash award of `3000/- in each discipline.

These Awards are presented to the recipients during the IDMA Annual Day Celebrations every year.

An Award for the Best Review Article was instituted in 2001. A citation and special cash Award of `5000/- is presented to the recipient at the time of the Annual Celebrations.

REVIEW ARTICLE

Paper	:	Aloe Vera – Neutraceutical to Pharmaceutical
Author(s)	:	Mulay S., Bele A., Borade A. and Khale A.
Institute	:	H.K college of Pharmacy, Pratikshnagar, Oshiwara, Jogeshwari (W), Mumbai
Volume	:	51(03)
Page nos.	:	5–23
Abstract	:	Aloe vera has been used for centuries and is presently widely exploited as a nutraceutical. It is available in the form of various health drinks and formulations such as capsules/ tablets or externally in the form of gels & creams. Being a potent immunomodulator, it can be used in various ailments as a single drug or in a combination therapy. The area of formulation research is lacking in understanding the correlation of unique active therapeutic agent acemannan - a glucomannan present in aloe vera and its dose, due to numerous physical, microbiological and biochemical factors interfering in the extraction/ processing of aloe vera juice. Studies are limited and generally becoming complicated because of not having ability to discriminate between different species, since a very few species have a therapeutic effectiveness amongst about 400 species of aloe vera found worldwide. Being sensitive to heat, enzymes and shock, it is a good subject for formulation researchers as there is a concern about aloe products having a little or no aloe in them. The current article is about chemistry of aloe vera in exploring its potential as a mainstay of chronic drug therapy.

PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY

Paper	:	Synthesis of Some Novel 1,2,4-Triazole Analogues as Potential Anti-Tubercular Agents
Author(s)	:	Somani R. R., Shinde G.K., Shirodkar P.Y. and Sanap G.J.
Institute	:	VES College of Pharmacy, Hashu Advani Memorial Complex, Collector’s Colony, Chembur (E), Mumbai
Volume	:	51(01)
Page nos.	:	41–47
Abstract	:	A series of 5-(N-substituted carboxamidoethylthio)-3-(3’pyridyl)-4-amino-1,2,4-triazole derivatives (6a-j) were synthesized and evaluated for anti-tubercular activity. The derivatives were purified and structures were elucidated by spectral and elemental analyses. They were screened in-vitro at 10µg/mL concentration against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37RV (ATCC 27294). Compounds 6e and 6h were found active as they exhibited IC50 and IC90 values at < 100µg/mL.

NATURAL PRODUCTS

Paper	:	Quantification of Two Marker Compounds in Gmelina arborea roxb. Stem Bark Using Validated thin Layer Chromatographic – Densitometric Method
Author(s)	:	Vyas N., Patel M.
Institute	:	Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Charusat Campus, Changa, Gujarat
Volume	:	51(11)
Page nos.	:	28–35
Abstract	:	Gmelina arborea Roxb. (Verbenaceae) is known as Gambhari in Ayurvedic System of medicine and being used as immuno-modulator since ancient time. Plant sterols such as β-sitosterol and Lupeol are reported to have such activity. A simple, accurate, precise, rapid and reproducible TLC densitometric method was developed for simultaneous estimation of β-sitosterol and Lupeol in plant stem bark. Compounds were separated on silica gel 60 F254 HPTLC plate using Toluene: Ethyl acetate: Formic acid (8.8:1.3:0.1, V/V/V) using Anisaldehyde-Sulphuric acid as the derivatizing reagent. TLC Analysis was performed at 520 nm. Rf value of β-sitosterol and Lupeol were found to be 0.34±0.02 and 0.46±0.01 respectively. Linearity range was 150-350 ng/spot and 300-700 ng/spot with correlation coefficient 0.998 and 0.999 for β -sitosterol and Lupeol, respectively. Method was validated as per ICH guideline. The accuracy was found to be 100.55-102.86% and 99.40-101.56% for β-sitosterol and Lupeol, respectively by recovery studies. The amount of β-sitosterol and Lupeol was found to be 4.4 mg % and 3.6 mg %. This method can be employed for routine quality control analysis of β-sitosterol and Lupeol in stem bark of Gmelina arborea Roxb.

PHARMACEUTICS

Paper	:	Self – emulsifying Drug Delivery System containing Aceclofenac: Design & Development using Quality by Design (QbD) Concept.
Author(s)	:	Suthar V., Gohel M., Butani S. and Solanki A
Institute	:	L.M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat
Volume	:	51(06)
Page nos.	:	15–26
Abstract	:	The aim of the present study was to develop self-emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS) of aceclofenac for potential improvement in the in vitro dissolution. The Food and Drug Control Agency (FDCA) has put more stress on the quality, safety and efficacy of the dosage form. The use of design of experiments and quality by Design (QbD) in the development of self emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS) containing aceclofenac is demonstrated. The optimum formulation contained Labrafil M 1944 CS, Tween 80 and Transcutol P. The systematic approach enabled us in identifying the design space. The results revealed that while devising the control strategies during manufacturing, more attention should be focused on the ratios of oil to surfactant and surfactant to co-surfactant. The drug was released at a faster rate due to a large surface area. The current approach enabled us to develop a dosage form which is economic, patient-friendly and does not require assistance of a doctor or nurse, especially at remote places at odd hours.

PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS

No award this year

PHARMACOLOGY

Paper	:	In vitro screening of Lannea coromandelica for Antifilarial Activity on Cattle Filarial Parasite Setaria cervi
Author(s)	:	Jain V., Kumar T. and Sahu A.
Institute	:	University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar University, Raipur, Chattisgarh
Volume	:	51(08)
Page nos.	:	28–34
Abstract	:	The current study was aimed to investigate the antifilarial activity of aqueous and ethyl acetate extracts of the leaves of Lannea coromandelica. Both extracts were screened for their total flavonoid content chromatographically. The total amount of flavonoid present in ethyl acetate is much greater than in aqueous extract. Aqueous extract produced initial stimulation effect in whole worm followed by reversible paralysis, whereas on the nerve muscle preparation, the effect was depressant. In the same manner ethyl acetate extract produces irreversible paralysis. The concentrations required to inhibit the movement of the whole worm and nerve muscle preparation for aqueous extract of leaves of L. coromandelica were 300 and 60 µg/mL, respectively, whereas ethyl acetate extract caused inhibition of the whole worm and nerve muscle preparation at 160 and 15 µg/mL, respectively. LC50 and LC90 were 21 and 30 ng/mL, respectively for aqueous, which were 16 and 24 ng/mL for ethyl acetate extracts.

In order to encourage R & D in the country, IDMA has instituted "Research Awards for the Best Original Research Articles" published in the "Indian Drugs" every year, from the year 1981-82, in the following disciplines:

Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Natural Products
Pharmaceutics
Pharmaceutical Analysis
Pharmacology

The award is in the form of a citation and a cash award of Rs. 2500/- in each discipline.

Awards are presented to the recipients at the time of the Annual Celebrations of IDMA every year.

An Award for the Best Review Article in the form of a citation and special cash Award of Rs. 5000/- is presented at the time of the Annual Celebrations.

REVIEW ARTICLE

No award this year.

PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY

No award this year.

NATURAL PRODUCTS

Paper	:	Isolation, Identification and Characterization of Rotenoids from Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. (Legueminoseae)
Authors	:	Chaturvedi P., Khanna P. and Chowdhary A.
Institute	:	Haffkine Institute for Training, Testing and Research, Parel,Mumbai 400012, Maharashtra, India.
Volume	:	50(08)
Page nos.	:	27-31
Abstract	:	Natural insecticides now-a-days have a bright future because synthetic insectides are harmful to humanbeings. Among botanical pesticides, the rotenoids standout for their potency and effectiveness againstmany crop pests and are fifteen times more toxic than the nicotinic acid. Cajanus cajan primarily grownas a grain crop for human consumption (pulse, vegetable) and has not been analysed for its rotenoidalcontent. Chromatographic analysis showed the presence of four rotenoids namely elliptone, deguelin,rotenone and tephrosin, which were identified by co-tlc, melting point, GLC and IR spectral studies withthat of the standard reference compounds. In the present investigation, rotenone (0.37 mg/gdw) wasfound in maximum quantity which was followed by deguelin (0.27 mg/gdw), tephrosin (0.21 mg/gdw)and elliptone (0.15 mg/gdw).

PHARMACEUTICS

Paper	:	Design, Development and Evaluation of Cationic Guar and Hydroxypropyl guar based In situ Gels for Ophthalmic Drugs Delivery.
Authors	:	Dasankoppa F.S. and Swamy N.G.N.
Institute	:	Department of Pharmaceutics, Government College of Pharmacy, P. Kalinga Rao Road, Subbaiah Circle, Bangalore-560027, India.
Volume	:	50(01)
Page nos.	:	30-41
Abstract	:	The poor bioavailability and therapeutic response exhibited by the conventional eye drops due to rapidcorneal loss is overcome by the use of ion-activated gel forming systems that are instilled as drops;these undergo gelation in cul-de-sac mode. The present study describes the design, development andevaluation of in situ ophthalmic drug delivery of antibacterial agent, linezolid, based on ion-activatedguar gum derivatives. Novel polymers such as Cationic guar with hydroxypropyl guar are being used asgelling as well as viscosity enhancing agents. Differential scanning calorimetric studies have revealedthat linezolid is compatible with all the excipients in the formulation. The study also aims at rheologicalcharacterization, effect of sterilization (moist heat) and effect of aging on the viscosity of in situ gels bycalculating consistency index (K), flow behaviour index (n value) using power law model. The in vitrodrug diffusion study for the developed formulations has also been carried out. The formulation CGHPG2,exhibiting good physical stability subsequent to sterilization and storage and further retaining theconsistency index (K) and flow behavior index (n value), was chosen as the optimized formulation. Thegel formed in situ revealed the sustained release of the drug for up to 12 hrs. Stability data recordedover a period of 6 months at elevated temperature conditions revealed the formulation to be stable.Invivo ocular toxicity studies revealed non irritant and non toxic nature of the formulation. Therefore, thedeveloped guar gum derivative based ophthalmic in situ gel by virtue of its prolonged corneal residencetime and sustained drug release could be considered a viable alternative to the conventional eye dropformulation in achieving enhanced bioavailability.

PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS

Paper	:	Forced Degradation Study of Eletriptan by Using Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC)
Authors	:	Sahu S., Singh R.M., Mathur S.C., Sharma D. K. Saini P.K., Duggal D., Tyagi V. and Singh G. N.
Institute	:	Analytical Research & Development Division, Indian Pharmacopoeia Laboratory, Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, Sec – 23, Rajnagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh -201002, India.
Volume	:	50(07)
Page nos.	:	14-21
Abstract	:	A simple, fast, precise and accurate ultra high performance liquid chromatography method wasdeveloped for degradation study of eletriptan hydrobromide (EH) under exaggerated conditions.An Inertsil ODS C18 (250 x 4.6 mm, 5?m) column in isocratic mode was used with mobile phasecomprising of water, methanol and trifluoroacetic acid mixed in the ratio 55:45:0.1 % V/V/V,maintained at pH 3.5. The flow rate was set at 0.4 mL per minute with UV detection at 225 nm. Theretention time of EH was found to be 3.7 minutes. Linearity for EH was found in the range of 3.5-200 ?g per mL and percentage recoveries were obtained in the range of 100.2 % to 100.6 %. Themethod was capable of resolving all degradants and principle component in sample. The proposedmethod is accurate, precise, selective, reproducible, and rapid for detection of degradation ofeletriptan hydrobromide.

PHARMACOLOGY

Paper	:	Evaluation of Anti-diarrhoeal Activity of Punica granatum Stem Bark
Authors	:	Khan N., Hugar S., Patil V., Nanjappaiah H.M., Gaviraj E.N., and Kalyane N.V.
Institute	:	Dept. of Pharmacology, B.L.D.E.A’s College of Pharmacy, B.L.D.E. University Campus, Bijapur-586103, Karnataka. India
Volume	:	50 (09)
Page nos.	:	34-40
Abstract	:	Evaluation of anti-diarrhoeal effect of Punica granatum stem bark ethanolic extract was carried out on various experimental animal models of diarrhea. Different paragons used were castor oil induced diarrhoea, magnesium sulphate induced diarrhoea, castor oil induced enteropooling and gastrointestinal motility test. The various parameters recorded were onset of diarrhoea, mean number of fecal drops, mean weight of fecal matter, mean weight of small intestine, volume of fluid accumulation in the intestine and mean distance travelled by charcoal meal in the intestine. The test extract demonstrated dose dependent significant anti-diarrhoeal effect. The results of this investigation revealed that, 70% hydroalcoholic extract of Punica granatum stem bark contains pharmacologically active substance(s) with anti-diarrhoeal efficacy.

In order to encourage R & D in the country, IDMA has instituted "Research Awards for the Best Original Research Articles" published in the "Indian Drugs" every year, from the year 1981-82, in the following disciplines:

Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Natural Products
Pharmaceutics
Pharmaceutical Analysis
Pharmacology

The award is in the form of a citation and a cash award of Rs. 2500/- in each discipline.

Awards are presented to the recipients at the time of the Annual Celebrations of IDMA every year.

An Award for the Best Review Article in the form of a citation and special cash Award of Rs. 5000/- is presented at the time of the Annual Celebrations.

REVIEW ARTICLE

No award this year.

PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY

Paper	:	Synthesis, Antimalarial Activity and QSAR Studies of Chalcones, N- Benzylidenesulphonamides and Chalcone Sulfonamides
Authors	:	More A.H., Raul S.J. and Mahajan S.S.
Institute	:	C. U. Shah College of Pharmacy, S. N. D. T. Women’s University, Sir Vithaldas Vidya Vihar, Juhu Road, Santacruz (West), Mumbai- 400 049
Volume	:	49 (05)
Page nos.	:	20 - 34
Abstract	:	Malaria remains the major cause of human morbidity and mortality worldwide. Malaria, caused by Plasmodium species, is potentially life threatening, increasing in prevalence and becoming even more resistant to in-use drugs. In this article, synthesis of compounds from the series of chalcones, benzylidenesulfonamides and chalconesulfonamides, by the conventional and microwave-irradiation methods is discussed. The microwave-irradiation method was convenient, rapid and high yielding as compared to the conventional method of synthesis. The acute oral toxicity studies indicated that all the compounds were safe for administration up to 2000 mg/kg body weight of a mouse. The compounds were screened for their antimalarial activity. Two chalcones, five benzylidenesulfonamides and three chalconesulfonamides showed antimalarial activity equivalent to chloroquine. Benzylidenesulfonamides showed better antimalarial activity compared to the compounds from the other two series. Chalconesulfonamides showed better antimalarial activity than chalcones. The QSAR studies were carried out by correlating antimalarial activity of all the compounds with their physicochemical descriptors. Validation of the best QSAR model was carried out using the training set and the test set method. These studies provided guidance for the development of novel antimalarials from these series.

NATURAL PRODUCTS

Paper	:	Effect of Immunomodulatory Herbal Medicinal Preparations on CD4+ Lymphocyte Count and Total Viral Load in HIV- Infected Individuals
Authors	:	Tharakan S.T., Kuttan G, Kuttan R, Kesavan M., Sr. Austin and Rajagopalan K.
Institute	:	Amala Cancer Research Center, Amala Nagar, Trissur- 680555, Kerala
Volume	:	49 (07)
Page nos.	:	42 – 48
Abstract	:	This study was carried out to determine the effect of herbal medication on the clinical status of HIV infected persons especially on their CD4+ T lymphocyte count and viral load. The toxicity of the medication was also studied. 25 HIV positive individuals were taken for the study. They were treated with a herbal formulation developed in our centre, for one year. Patients were evaluated for their clinical status every month and CD4+ T lymphocyte and viral load every six months. Other parameters assessed were body weight, hematological analysis and hepatic and renal function tests. Body weight was found to be increased in 20 patients out of 25 who have undergone treatment. CD4+T lymphocyte count was increased in 15 patients and viral load was decreased in 20 patients. In six patients viral load was undetectable range. Administration of these medications significantly reduced, elevated interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor in HIV patients. Medication did not produce any toxicity in HIV patients, as it did not show any significant change in hepatic function, renal function and haematology. Administration of herbal preparation was found to reduce clinical symptoms produced by HIV infection. This herbal formulation was found useful therapeutically for the management of HIV infection and did not produce any toxicity.

PHARMACEUTICS

Paper	:	Development and Characterization of Elementary Osmotic Pump Tablets for Simultaneous Release of Metformin and Glipizide
Authors	:	Bharadwaj P., Upaddhyay P.K., Agarwal V., Chaurasia D., Chaurasia H. and Singh R.
Institute	:	Adarsh Vijendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Babu Vijendra Marg, Gangoh – 247 341, Saharanpur, (U.P.)
Volume	:	49 (11)
Page nos.	:	19 – 29
Abstract	:	The aim of present study was to design and evaluate an elementary osmotic pump-based drug delivery system for controlled release of metformin and glipizide simultaneously for treatment of type II noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Inclusion complex of glipizide with β- cyclodextrin was prepared to enhance its solubility. Core tablets were prepared by wet granulation method. Effects of different variables like amount of plasticizer, osmogen, orifice size and dissolution media were studied on release profile for both drugs. Morphology of semi permeable was studied using electron microscope before and after dissolution test. On increasing the amount of osmogen, the release of both drugs was found to be increased. No significant effect of PVP K 30 was observed on drug release. Optimization results indicated that the release of both drugs was directly proportional to the surface porosity of the membrane. It was concluded that the osmotic pump tablets could provide more prolonged and controlled release that may result in an improved therapeutic efficacy and patient compliance.

PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS

Paper	:	Quantitation of Carvedilol Oxidative Metabolites in Human Plasma using Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Authors	:	Valarmathy J., Sudha T., Joshua S.L. and Senthil Kumar K.L.
Institute	:	Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, The Erode College of Pharmacy, Erode-638112.
Volume	:	49 (02)
Page nos.	:	37 - 44
Abstract	:	A sensitive and efficient method was developed for the determination of carvedilol and its metabolite in human plasma by LC-MS/MS. Plasma samples were hydrolysed with β-glucuronidase and the target compounds were extracted with liquid liquid extraction using diethyl ether in dichloro methane as solvent. The extracts were completely derivatized and analysed by LC-MS/MS. The linearity of the assay ranges from 0.250 ng/mL to 200.0 ng/mL for carvedilol and from 0.500 ng/mL to 30.0 ng/mL for 4-hydroxy carvedilol. The absolute recovery of carvedilol and its metabolite added to blank plasma sample was 70.28 – 82.90%. The reproducibility was from 0.96 to 8.28 for the intraday assay and from 1.65 to 6.09 for the interday assay precision. Repetitive thawing and freezing did not have an affect on metabolite through a minimum of three cycles. Thawed samples remaining in plasma for 4h before extraction were with 5% of theoretical value. Stability of the extracted samples on the auto sampler at room temperature was evaluated for 34 h and was observed to with in 12% of a fresh analytical sample for 4–hydroxy carvedilol. The proposed LC-MS/MS method was effective for the determination of carvedilol and it metabolite in human plasma.

PHARMACOLOGY

No award this year.

In order to encourage R & D in the country, IDMA has instituted "Research Awards for the Best Original Research Articles" published in the "Indian Drugs" every year, from the year 1981-82, in the following disciplines:

Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Natural Products
Pharmaceutics
Pharmaceutical Analysis
Pharmacology

The award is in the form of a citation and a cash award of Rs. 2500/- in each discipline.

Awards are presented to the recipients at the time of the Annual Celebrations of IDMA every year.

An Award for the Best Review Article in the form of a citation and special cash Award of Rs. 5000/- is presented at the time of the Annual Celebrations.

REVIEW ARTICLE

Paper	:	Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery: A Review
Authors	:	Gadad A., Soni A., Dandagi P. and Mastiholimath V.
Institute	:	Dept. of Pharmaceutics, K.L.E.U’s College of Pharmacy, JNMC, Nehru Nagar, Belgaum-590 010, Karnataka.
Volume	:	48 (11)
Page nos.	:	5-16
Abstract	:	The field of nanotechnology is emerging worldwide and there has been tremendous investment in this area with extensive research and development efforts being focused to create new opportunities for advances in drug delivery systems. This review will discuss the various approaches in the design and development of these nanotechnology platforms that bestow such characteristics to nanoparticles. These nano-sized objects, e.g., ‘nanoparticles’, take on novel properties and functions that differ markedly from those seen from items made of identical materials. The small size, customized surface, improved solubility, and multi-functionality of nanoparticles will continue to open many doors and create new biomedical applications. This review will also focus on nanoscale based drug delivery systems that are most prominent and widely studied: hydrogels, polymersomes, nanotubes, dendrimers, quantum dots, nanoshells and nanomicelles. These drug delivery systems can be potentially translated into targeted cellular and tissue-specific clinical applications designed to achieve maximal therapeutic efficacy with minimal side effects.

PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY

Paper	:	Synthesis, Characterisation and Computational ADME Studies of Some Novel Analogs of (±)-2-(4-Isobutylphenyl) Propionic Acid
Authors	:	Velingkar V. S. and Desai D. M.
Institute	:	Pri. K. M. Kundnani College of Pharmacy, Jote Joy Building, Rambhau Salgaonkar Marg, Cuffe Parade, Colaba, Mumbai-400 005.
Volume	:	48 (05)
Page nos.	:	23 - 30
Abstract	:	The clinical usefulness of ibuprofen, a well known nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) is restricted by its gastrointestinal side effects like gastric irritation, ulceration and bleeding, sometimes developing into life-threatening conditions. Present work involves synthesis, purification and characterization of a series of (+)-2-(4-isobutylphenyl) propionic acid (ibuprofen) analogs by altering carboxylic acid functional group which is believed to be involved in causing gastric damage by direct contact effect. Synthesized compounds were characterized by advanced spectrometric techniques like infrared (IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (1HNMR) and mass spectroscopy and CHN analysis. The results of all the characterization techniques including melting point determination, thin layer chromatography, IR, 1HNMR, mass spectroscopy and elemental analysis positively confirm the formation of title compounds and correctness of the anticipated structures of the analogs of ibuprofen synthesized. Title compounds were also subjected to insilico ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion) predictions using QikProp software and they presented significant values of the ADME properties studied.

NATURAL PRODUCTS

Paper	:	In Vitro Antidotal Study of Aconite
Authors	:	Sarkar P. K., Prajapati P. K., Shukla V. J. and Ravishankar B.
Institute	:	Department of Rasashastra, J. B. Roy State Ayurvedic Medical College & Hospital, 170-172, Raja Dinendra Street, Kolkata- 700004, West Bengal.
Volume	:	49 (05)
Page nos.	:	41 – 44
Abstract	:	Aconite is an extremely poisonous drug, but till no specific antidote for aconite poisoning is available. Aconite is used therapeutically in practice of Ayurvedic system of medicine. In various Ayurvedic formulations containing aconite also contain borax as an ingredient; borax is also prescribed in cases of aconite poisoning. In present study, borax was evaluated in vitro as antidote for aconite poisoning. It was found to be an effective chemical antidote for aconite poisoning.

PHARMACEUTICS

Paper	:	Stabilization of Amorphous form of Poorly Water-soluble drug and hence Solubility Enhancement using Poloxamer-188 and Gelucire-50/13
Authors	:	Kulthe V. V. and Chaudhari P. D.
Institute	:	Modern College of Pharmacy, Nigdi, Pune – 411 044, Maharashtra
Volume	:	48 (02)
Page nos.	:	25 – 37
Abstract	:	Improving the solubility and dissolution characteristics of potent poorly water-soluble drugs is important to achieve better in vivo performance. Physical transformation of such drug substances into its more soluble, but metastable amorphous form is one of the promising approaches in this direction. The major problem associated with etoricoxib, a selective COX – 2 inhibitor, is its poor aqueous solubility. Thus, it is a suitable candidate to study the enhancement of solubility by solid state modification. However, the underlying metastable tendency of the amorphous form needs to be circumvented to ensure stable formulations of such drug. Thus, the purpose of this work was to study the usefulness of Poloxamer-188 and Gelucire-50/13 in stabilization of amorphous form of etoricoxib by using low drug/excepient ratios such as 1: 0.5, 1: 1 and 1: 1.5. The solid dispersions prepared by rapid solvent evaporation using spray drying technique were subjected to evaluate drug content, residual solvent content (by TGA), molecular interactions (by FT- IR), morphological appearances (by SEM), physical state (by DSC and XRPD), saturation solubility and dissolution rate. Initial study revealed amorphization of etoricoxib by spray drying and significant enhancement in its solubility. Stability study was conducted for 3 months (30 0 +/_ 2 0/ 65 % RH +/_ 5 %) to evaluate physical state and solubility of etoricoxib from optimized proportions of solid dispersions. It highlighted the potential of Poloxamer-188 and Gelucire-50/13 to stabilize amorphous form of etoricoxib in solid dispersions, which was mainly responsible for observing enhanced solubility.

PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS

Paper	:	Lower Level Determination of Epichlorohydrin Content in Drug Substance by using Dimethyl Sulfoxide as an Internal Standard with Gas Chromatography
Authors	:	Dubey J. K., Kolhe P. Y., Srivastava B. K., Parmar M., Tandel H., Mehta D. and Prajapati H.
Institute	:	CTX Life Sciences Pvt. Ltd.251-252 Sachin Magdalla Road, Sachin, Surat-394230, Gujarat.
Volume	:	48 (02)
Page nos.	:	38 - 42
Abstract	:	Epichlorohydrin is an extremely versatile chemical intermediate or raw material that is used in a wide variety of drug substances, it can occur in final products at concentration, which are hazardous to human health. This article presents an analytical technique to determine the concentration of epichlorohydrin in final drug substance, in response to the requirements of the drug regulatory, which recommends limiting the concentration to maximum of 75 mcg/g.The instrument platform used for the low-level determination of epichlorohydrin in final drug substance was the Shimadzu gas chromatograph 2010. The typical limit of quantitation of the method determined 4.56 mcg/g and limit of detection was 4.10 mcg/g. The system was successfully calibrated across a working range of 4.56 mcg/g to 10.0 mcg/g with a linear calibration curve.

PHARMACOLOGY

No award this year.

Best Paper Awards

IDMA ACG - SCITECH RESEARCH PAPER AWARD 2020 - 2021

REVIEW ARTICLE

PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY

NATURAL PRODUCTS/ PHARMACOGNOSY/PHYTOCHEMISTRY

PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS

PHARMACEUTICS

PHARMACOLOGY

IDMA ACG-SCITECH RESEARCH PAPER AWARD - 2019

REVIEW ARTICLE

PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY

NATURAL PRODUCT

PHARMACEUTICS ANALYSIS

PHARMACEUTICS

PHARMACOLOGY

IDMA ACG-SCITECH RESEARCH PAPER AWARD - 2018

REVIEW ARTICLE

PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY

NATURAL PRODUCT/ PHARMACOGNOSY/PHYTOCHEMISTRY

PHARMACEUTICS

PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS

PHARMACOLOGY

IDMA RESEARCH PAPER AWARDS - 2017

REVIEW ARTICLE

PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY

NATURAL PRODUCTS

PHARMACEUTICS

PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS

PHARMACOLOGY

IDMA RESEARCH PAPER AWARDS - 2016

REVIEW ARTICLE

PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY

NATURAL PRODUCTS

PHARMACEUTICS

PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS

PHARMACOLOGY

IDMA RESEARCH PAPER AWARDS - 2015

REVIEW ARTICLE

PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY

NATURAL PRODUCTS

PHARMACEUTICS

PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS

PHARMACOLOGY

IDMA RESEARCH PAPER AWARDS - 2014

REVIEW ARTICLE

PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY

NATURAL PRODUCTS

PHARMACEUTICS

PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS

PHARMACOLOGY

IDMA RESEARCH PAPER AWARDS - 2013

REVIEW ARTICLE

PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY

NATURAL PRODUCTS

PHARMACEUTICS

PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS

PHARMACOLOGY

IDMA RESEARCH PAPER AWARDS - 2012

REVIEW ARTICLE

PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY

NATURAL PRODUCTS

PHARMACEUTICS

PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS

PHARMACOLOGY

IDMA RESEARCH PAPER AWARDS - 2011

REVIEW ARTICLE

PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY

NATURAL PRODUCTS

PHARMACEUTICS

PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS

PHARMACOLOGY